I had rather hoped that the world would go in the opposite direction, the one being forged by Gore with the Yeltsin regime.
The nuclear weapons genie cannot be put back in the box; this has been true since 1945. People like Trump and Putin are of course, some of the worst human beings on the planet, and it's disconcerting to see psychopaths with access to nuclear weapons. Nevertheless this is the state of the world that we see now. The economic disruptions their idiocy will cause and are causing will make situation far worse.
The probability of a world nuclear war however, is somewhat less likely in my view, that planetary scale destruction from fossil fuel waste. The former is theory, the latter is observed. This is a huge difference.
If a better world is possible, weapons grade material worldwide will be isotopically denatured in it, as the paper in the OP (and many, many others) suggest. The key component from what I understand of bomb physics, is 238Pu, the more the better. Some people argue that 237Np is a weapons grade material, and I believe them, but it is the key to 238Pu supplies, which would, of course, reduce or minimize the inventory of 237Np.
An argument can be made that the presence of nuclear weapons has resulted in the absence of another world war, but irrespective of this argument, I am a strong believer in weapons disarmament.
What to do with nuclear materials has always been, and always will be, a moral choice. It is frightening to see the erosion of morality the world is now experiencing.
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